Everything about Central Plain China totally explained
The
Central Plain(s) of China refers to the area on the lower reaches of the
Yellow River which formed the cradle of Chinese civilization. It forms part of the
North China Plain.
In its narrowest sense, the Central Plain covers modern-day
Henan, the southern part of
Hebei, the southern part of
Shanxi, and the western part of
Shandong province. A broader interpretation of the Central Plain's extent would add the
Guanzhong plain of
Shaanxi, the northwestern part of
Jiangsu, and parts of
Anhui and northern Hebei.
Since the beginning of recorded history, the Central Plain has been an important site for Chinese civilization.
In the pre-Qin era, present-day
Luoyang and its nearby areas were considered the “Center of the World”, as the political seat of the
Xia Dynasty was located around
Songshan and the
Yi-Luo river basin.
Inscriptions on some bronze objects from this era contain references to the 'Central States' (
Zhongguo), 'Eastern States', or 'Southern States'. This indicates that the Central Plain, which was referred as the 'Central States' in these inscriptions, was considered to occupy the center of the world.
The
Songshu, official history of
Song Dynasty states: “Ancient emperors of ability arose in the northwest, that were able to conquer the Central Plain and further occupy the southeast." Zhuge Liang, a famous military strategist also stated that "he would lead an army to conquer the Central Plain." All these point to the fact that the Central Plain was of both political and strategic importance. This may be the reason that many later dynasties selected Luoyang and
Kaifeng in the Central Plain as their capitals.
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